Major Depressive Disorder Assessment Strategies

Major Depressive Disorder Assessment Strategies Introduction The mental health problem that I have selected is Major Depressive Disorder. This can be recognized by low mood, low self-esteem and loss of pleasure in normal activities. This is known by many names such as clinical depression, unipolar depression and major depressive disorder. The symptoms interfere with all areas of a person’s life- personal, social and economic and are experienced most days and have been present for at least two weeks. Depression can be described as mild, moderate or severe; melancholic or psychotic. (BeyondBlue, 2014) Depression has a high lifetime prevalence one in seven Australians will experience depression in their lifetime. (ABS, 2009). Ranked 13.3%, depression has the third highest burden of all diseases in Australia (AIHW, 2007). Assessment Framework The purpose of a conducting a clinical assessment is to gather information enabling the clinician to determine what is likely to be causing impairment in the individual’s functioning. I would develop a hypothesis and proceed to rule in/ rule out associated disorders while progressing through the process. Each individual case would require consideration for options regarding, interview, symptoms checklists and behavioral assessments. (Goldfinger Pomerantz, 2010) The structured process of assessment would include File Review Collateral Information I would check the GP referral and conduct a file review, appraising historical information and copies of reports and notes from previous interviews. (Week2, Weekly Notes). I would also gather collateral information from significant others to assist in the overall assessment of the individual Clinical Assessment To determine what symptoms the individual is presenting I would conduct a face-to-face initial interview. I would establish parameters of assessment (e.g. informed consent and confidentiality) and build rapport with the individual through the acceptance, understanding and respect. (Phares Trull, 1997). This would enable the individual to feel comfortable and gain trust in the process. Groth-Marnat (2003) discuss the benefit of the face-to-face interview as enabling the clinician to make behavioural observations and note the idiosyncrasies and reaction to their current challenges and difficulties including the risk of harm to self and others. I would take note of the history of the presenting difficulties and note the onset of symptoms. I would also conduct a psychosocial evaluation. (Wright, 2011). Psychological Testing: Selection, administration and interpretation A psychological test uses standardised materials, administration instructions, time limits and scoring procedures for all test takers.(Cohen et al, 1996). This step in the process would assess the individual’s appearance, behaviour, speech, mood, thought processes, attention, memory and level of consciousness through the use of the Mental Status Examination (Daniel Crider, 2003). I would also assess the presence of symptoms consistent with diagnostic criteria for depression. As outlined in Wright (2011), to support the hypothesis of depression I would use self-report, symptom focused measure such as Structured Clinical Interview for DSM Disorders (SCID) or Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) during the interview phase. In selecting the diagnostic tools I would review validated assessment tools in line with major international classification for depressive conditions such as DSM-IV-TR Criteria for Major Depressive Episode and Major Depressive Disorder (APA, 2000). I could use the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI-2) to help develop treatment plans and differential diagnosis (Butcher et al, 1989). A trained professional with the expertise in depressive disorders should administer, score and interpret the information. The analysis of test scores would be transformed into a standardized metric and compared to various sets of norms. Psychological tests are only one element of the assessment and should never be used alone as the sole basis for a diagnosis. A detailed history of the individual and a review of psychological, medical, educational, or other relevant records are required to lay the groundwork for interpreting the results of any psychological measurement. (FAQS, 2014) Psychological Assessment Report Feedback In the writing of the report I would first determine who the audience would be- i.e. referring GP, case manager or individual and include background information that had been gathered during the semi-structured interview. The outline of each test conducted and the results of the symptom and behavioral checklists, along the results from structured interview and behavioral assessment would be included in the report. (Goldfinger Pomerantz, 2010) Modification of approach for different individual populations Cultural and language differences in the individual may affect test performance and may result in inaccurate test results. There is also the potential for the standardized testing to exhibitâ€Å"cultural bias† (Goldstein Hersen, 2000). I would need to be aware before psychological testing begins if the individual is not fluent in English and/or belongs to a minority culture. I would need to consider the inclusion of an interpreter or cultural support person during the assessment. (ACAP, 2013) Different tests would also need to be considered that were age specific i.e. Child, Adolescent or Elderly. Conclusion Overall, the psychological assessment holds avitalrole in counseling and clinical practice. Without the useof psychological testing, the treatment of thepatientwould not be as effective and fewer people wouldreceivethe necessaryhelpthey need to live a healthy life. References American Psychiatric Association (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. (4th Text Revision ed.) Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association. Australian Bureau of Statistics (2009). National Survey of Mental Health and Wellbeing: Summary of Results, 4326.0, 2007. ABS: Canberra. Australian College of Applied Psychology (2013) Facilitate the Counselling Process Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (2007). The Burden of Disease and Injury in Australia. AIHW: Canberra. Beyond Blue (2014) Sign and Symptoms. Retrieved 20/08/14 from Beyond Blue website: http://www.beyondblue.org.au/the-facts/depression/signs-and-symptoms Butcher, J. N., Dahlstrom, W. G., Graham, J. R., Tellegen, A, Kaemmer, B. (1989).The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2): Manual for administration and scoring. Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press. Cohen, R.J., Swerdlik, M.E., Phillips, S.M. (1996) Psychological testing and assessment: An introduction to tests and measurement (3rd ed.). Mountain View, CA, US: Mayfield Publishing Co. (1996). xxviii 798 pp. Daniel, M. S., Crider, C. J. (2003). Mental Status Examination.Diagnostic interviewing (3rd ed.). FAQS (2014) Psychological tests Retrieved 20th August 2014 from FAQS.org website http://www.faqs.org/health/topics/56/Psychological-tests.html#ixzz3AvfH5RMR Goldfinger, K., Pomerantz, A. M. (2010).Psychological assessment and report writing. Los Angeles, CA: SAGE. Goldstein, G. Hersen, M. (Eds.). (2000).Handbook of Psychological Assessment (3rd ed.). New York: Pergamon Groth-Marnat, G. (2003).Handbook of psychological assessment(4th ed.). Chapter 3, Laureate Online Education (2011) Week 2, Weekly notes: Assessments in mental health https://elearning.uol.ohecampus.com/bbcswebdav/institution/UKL1/MAP/201480_AUGUST/APPTRE/readings/APPTRE_Week02_weeklyNotes.html Phares, E.J. Trull, T.J (1997) Clinical psychology: concepts, methods, and profession Wright, A. J. (2011).Conducting psychological assessment: A guide for practitioners. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley Sons.

Communication Trends

Delver Business communication plays a vital role in my day-to-day work activities as a hairstylist in someone else's salon. For the most part, I use electronic communicating options like the smartened, multimedia messages, email, and instant messages. Communicating effectively with my clientele by keeping these lines of communication open is what I depend on to keep track of my clients and they can keep track of me.I use my smartened as the sole source of communicating with my clients. They can call me during a certain time frame, they can request appointments, through email and text, and they can always request their appointment times over my voice mail. Once my clientele make contact with me, I then set there appointment right to my calendars. I use my smartened as my PDA, to take credit card payments and I can send my clients a receipt of their payments through text messaging or email.This trend in business communication has helped me cut back on buying office supplies and appoint ment books. I am more organized with my scheduling and I keep better track of my finances. Portable media players, and Pad's, and social media have become the backbone of the Cosmetology field. Most hair stylists and salons can be found over the internet. We can order our products over the internet, and even do personal tutorials over the internet.The beauty industry has taken well to the latest software technology. The software has allowed salon owners to run their entire salon using communication technology; this is a huge milestone for hairdressers and salon owners. Most hairdressers, who are independent contractors, can operate their business inside someone else's salon, pay the necessary payments and fees for the space and ammunition with their clientele on a one-on-one basis.Stylists can also showcase their skills and the styles they can do by posting them on their personal business websites, on social media, and they can shoot live videos that can be accessible to a large num ber of viewers. These forms of business communication is allowing hairstylists on all levels to be aspiring entrepreneurs and this wave of independent entrepreneurship is sending a strong message that entails being in cosmetology now means you are in a profession that is innovative with style trends but also innovative with business communications.

Article Review The Terror Of Tiny Town - 1528 Words

This semester I was able to learn many things by adopting and editing a Wikipedia page. Most composition classes would never use Wikipedia, but in this class we were able to utilize it to learn. This semester the class was told to pick an article, and it would be theirs to edit for the rest of the semester. My article was over the musical cult-western film called The Terror of Tiny Town, which was the only film to feature an all dwarf cast. By adopting this Wikipedia page, I was presented with challenges that other students did not face, and they were presented with challenges that was unique to their page. I did not have a problem keeping my edits on the page, but the article is not popular so there has not been much reaction to the page. I had to learn how to do research over a topic that is not popular, and any information on the topic was hard to find in reliable places. Furthermore, I learned how to do basic coding on Wikipedia, something I had no idea how to do before. After my experiences, I would suggest using Wikipedia as a teaching tool. Editing Wikipedia can teach students how to research information and be able to put it in a place for the whole world to see, edit, and critique. Prior to the edits that I made on the page, there was a lot of information that was lacking. The Wikipedia page showed a list of the cast, the plot summary, the reception, and it has the full movie available to watch, but the information given did not do the movie justice, and the pageShow MoreRelatedArticle Review : The Terror Of Tiny Town 1537 Words   |  7 Pageswas told to pick an article and it would be theirs to edit for the rest of the semester. My article was over the musical cult-western film called The Terror of Tiny Town, which was the only film to feature an all dwarf cast. By adopting this Wikipedia page, I was presented with challenges that other students did not face, and they were presented with challenges that was unique to their page. 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Political Polarization And The United States - 4365 Words

33998336 102 Political Polarization And The United States Democracy requires citizens to see things from one another s point of view, but instead we’re more and more enclosed in our own bubbles. Democracy requires a reliance on shared facts; instead we’re being offered parallel but separate universes.- Eli Pariser. Polarization is part of life, from P.C and Mac, Pepsi vs. Coke to Xbox and PS4, humans tend to give an allegiance to the things they care about. In the past decade, the United States has seen a rise of political polarization in many aspects of life, from social networks to the election. Since the 2016 election polarization has been discussed more and more, there has been a spotlight on this current issue. This phenomena†¦show more content†¦It s healthier to have parties that actually stand for something than to have the situation that we had 50 or 40 years ago, when you really didn t know what the parties stood for because there was so much overlap between them (Abramowitz, 2016). Some of the key players of polarization currently are Donald Trump and Hillary Clinton. These two political figures caused a great deal of political polarization last year, not only to their opponents but even members of their own parties. For example, According to The Pew Research Center, As of 2015, 53% of Republicans and Republican-leaning independents had political values that were mostly or consistently conservative, up from 31% in 2004. 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