Experiential Exercise Wilderness Survival Group Behaviour

Experiential Exercise Wilderness Survival You are a member of a hiking party. After reaching base camp on the first day, you decide to take a quick sunset hike by yourself. After hiking a few exhilarating miles, you decide to return to camp. On your way back, you soon realize that you are lost. You have shouted for help, to no avail. It is now dark. And getting cold. Your Task Without communicating with anyone else in your group, read the following scenarios and choose the best answer. Keep track of your answers on a sheet of paper. You have 10 minutes to answer the 10 questions. 1. The first thing you decide to do is to build a fire. However, you have no matches, so you use the bow-and-drill method. What is the†¦show more content†¦4. Next, you decide to build a shelter for the evening. In selecting a site, what do you not have to consider? a. It must contain material to make the type of shelter you need b. It must be free from insects, reptiles, and poisonous plants. c. It must be large enough and level enough for you to lie down comfortably. d. It must be on a hill so you can signal rescuers and keep an eye on your surroundings. 6. In the shelter that you built, you notice a spider. You heard from a fellow hiker that black widow spiders populate the area. How do you identify a black widow spider? a. Its head and abdomen is black; its thorax is red. b. It is attracted to light. c. It runs away from light. d. It is a dark spider with a red or orange marking on the females abdomen. 6. After getting some sleep, you notice that the night sky has cleared, and so you decide to try and find your way back to base camp. You believe you should travel north and can use North Star for navigation. How do you locate the North Star? a. Hold your right hand up as far as you can and look between your index and middle fingers. b. Find Sirius and look 60 degrees above it and to the right. c. Look for the Big Dipper and follow the line created by its cup end. d. Follow the line of Orions belt. 7. You come across a fast-moving stream. What is the best way to cross it? a. Find aShow MoreRelatedStrategic Marketing Management337596 Words   |  1351 Pagesanalysis and scanning Summary 5 Approaches to customer analysis 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.8 5.9 Learning objectives Introduction Coming to terms with buyer behaviour Factors influencing consumer behaviour The buying decision process The rise of the new consumer and the implications for marketing planning Organizational buying behaviour The growth of relationship marketing Summary Appendix: The drivers of consumer change 6 Approaches to competitor analysis 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 6.7 6.8 6.9Read MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesOrganizations 39 Attitudes and Job Satisfaction 69 Emotions and Moods 97 Personality and Values 131 Perception and Individual Decision Making 165 Motivation Concepts 201 Motivation: From Concepts to Applications 239 3 The Group 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Foundations of Group Behavior 271 Understanding Work Teams 307 Communication 335 Leadership 367 Power and Politics 411 Conflict and Negotiation 445 Foundations of Organization Structure 479 v vi BRIEF CONTENTS 4 The Organization System

My Favorite Coat Free Essays

I have a coat in my mind. Some say it is my favorite coat. Indeed, it is one of a kind. We will write a custom essay sample on My Favorite Coat or any similar topic only for you Order Now My coat has moods, just as I. The two of us must never part. In the summertime, my coat has my heart. During the fall leaves touch the ground but my coat and I are still around. In the winter when it gets cold, my coat and I never grow old. As spring comes and snow melts away, my coat and I go out to play. Frost wrote, â€Å"Two roads diverged in a yellow wood,’ ‘And sorry I could not travel both’ ‘And be one traveler, long I stood’ ‘And look down one as far as I could’ ‘To where it bent in the undergrowth†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢Ã¢â‚¬  (n.d., The Road Not Taken). So my coat and I looked this road and realized too often the heavy load. I with my burdens all the day and my coat with its colors that sometimes changes from day to day. To understand how much we have gone through, one must know my coat is true. My coat is described in the words below and in the end, my coat and I grow. Description The coat I own is very cozy. It has two pockets on the outside and one on the inside. The coat that I own is in my mind, that keeps me warm all the time. It is made of black leather on a cold winter’s day and lamb skin internal that is what I can say. Pockets are snuggly and warm like hand muffs. The sleeves come down over my wrists, which is an advantage plus. My coat turns brown when the sun glistens through the trees. When it is autumn, the coat color changes in weather that is fair. Brown for the leaves, that fall everywhere. The pockets are lined with silk that is white. One pocket inside, carries my eyesight (glasses). During long hot summers, my coat remains true. It is on these days, it turns a cool shade of blue. The sleeves zip off and I can put them together. At these times, they become my belt. My coat becomes my robe of many colors. Despite the heat, I wear it on. When the sweat comes, it pours down my face. Yet, my coat remains true to its place. In the spring, when birds fill the air, my coat can be seen given me care. My sleeves zip on, during nights I get a chill. The coat of mine warms me at will. It knows my body, snuggling me from shoulder length and then the length goes near my toes. All the years that my coat and I coexist, hardly anyone knows. My favorite coat, whether it is black, brown, or velvet blue; changes with my mood and yet, remains true. This coat of mine is worn everyday. If the sun comes out, it glistens within. No matter what, my coat is a true friend. Summer’s come often and the heat increases. My coat and I do not go to pieces. I am cooled by the cotton within. The coat, itself, never will end. â€Å"What is that†, you ask? Why, being my true friend. Now in the spring, once again, my coat and I often spend. Time together, my favorite coat and I, sit in the park and watch people walk by. Birds still chirp and sing their song. My coat and I listen to expressions that never receive a gong. Conclusion Fall comes and trees are bare. Yet, my coat and I remain in each other’s care. I am warmed all the day. The coat is cleaned whenever I say. Dry cleaners for the best of what my coat has to give. Never, I imply, my cost must live. So by the light of the moon, I take out the coat cleaner. My coat is washed until it looks leaner. Not a speck of dirt, the silk must show. When I wear my coat, we both must glow. In the summer, when the sleeves zip off once again, I remain true to my coat because it is my favorite friend. Frost mentioned, â€Å"I shall be telling this with a sigh’ ‘Somewhere ages and ages hence:’ ‘Two roads diverged in a wood, and I—‘ ‘I took the one less traveled by,’ ‘And that has made all the difference’† (n.d., The Road Not Taken). Reference Frost, R. (n.d.). Table of Contents: The Road Not Taken. Retrieved February 28, 2007, from Web site: http://www.geocities.com/jnkees/poem1.html#nottaken    How to cite My Favorite Coat, Essay examples

Scotland’s Future from the Referendum to Independence and a Written Constitution free essay sample

Future: from the Referendum to Independence and a Written Constitution Scotland’s Future: from the Referendum to Independence and a Written Constitution Contents Foreword by the Deputy First Minister 1. A Written Constitution for Scotland 2. A Constitutional Platform for Independence 2 5 10 1 Scotland’s Future: from the Referendum to Independence and a Written Constitution Foreword by the Deputy First Minister The Scottish Government has an ambitious vision of the kind of nation Scotland should be a thriving and successful European country, reflecting Scottish values of fairness and opportunity, and promoting prosperity and social cohesion. A Scotland with a new place in the world as an independent nation, participating fully in Europe and the community of nations, on the basis of equality, responsibility and friendship. The Government is clear that this vision must be realised to allow our ancient nation to fulfil its potential. In the autumn of 2014 the people of Scotland will have the opportunity to gain the powers that independent nations throughout the world take for granted: powers to create jobs, encourage sustainable economic growth, secure social justice, tackle inequality and promote fairness. This paper shows how an independent Scotland can seize this opportunity by putting in place a modern written constitution that embodies the values of the nation, secures the rights of citizens, provides a clear distinction between the state and the government of the day, and guarantees a relationship of respect and trust between the institutions of the nation and its people. In developing a new written constitution, Scotland will be able to learn from the innovative and participative approaches of other ountries. The process of creating a written constitution in Scotland should be energising and include parties from across the political spectrum and, even more significantly, wider society. Most importantly however, the process should ensure that the sovereign people of Scotland can be centrally involved in designing and determining a written constitution as the blueprint for our country’s future. 2 Scotland’s Future: from the Referendum to Independence and a Written Con stitution A ‘yes’ vote for independence in 2014 is a vote for the transfer of sovereignty from Westminster to the people of Scotland. While some legal and practical changes will be needed to make sure the Parliament can exercise its new authority, wider constitutional and policy changes will be the responsibility of the first elected Parliament and Government of an independent Scotland, following the election in May 2016. The Government’s intention is that a constitutional platform will be put in place for Scotland becoming independent in March 2016, immediately prior to the 2016 election campaign. That will ensure that the new Parliament and Government elected in May 2016 have the full range of powers they need to get on with the work of building a better and more socially just Scotland. This paper describes the essential features of that platform principally the completion of the powers of the Scottish Parliament, the consolidation of existing rights of citizens, and continuity in relation to key issues such as the monarchy and Scots law. The constitutional platform will be put in place following negotiations between the Scottish and UK Governments. The historic Edinburgh Agreement between the governments in October 2012, along with the recent passage by the Scottish and UK Parliaments of a section 30 order clarifying the Scottish Parliament’s powers to hold the referendum, are a template for a post-referendum transfer of powers from Westminster to Scotland. In the spirit of the Edinburgh Agreement, negotiations on the completion of the Scottish Parliament’s powers after a ‘yes’ vote will be concluded constructively and cooperatively in the best interests of the people of Scotland and of the rest of the United Kingdom. This paper is a first contribution to implementing the recommendation of the Electoral Commission that the two governments clarify the process that will follow the referendum. We agree with the Commission’s view that the Scottish and UK Governments should agree a joint position, and have proposed to the UK Government that we now engage in discussions on the process of the transition to independence in advance of the vote. This initial paper will be followed in the coming months by papers outlining how responsibility in key reserved areas, for example welfare and pensions, will transfer to the Scottish Parliament. Scotland’s Future: from the Referendum to Independence and a Written Constitution This paper will also support discussion with organisations across Scottish society, academic experts and, most importantly, the Scottish people. The Government will continue to listen and discuss these important issues through open debate in advance of publication of the White Pap er on independence in the autumn of this year. Nicola Sturgeon MSP Deputy First Minister of Scotland 4 Scotland’s Future: from the Referendum to Independence and a Written Constitution . A Written Constitution for Scotland Summary Scotland should have a written constitution which reflects the values of the people of Scotland. The preparation of a written constitution should commence after independence under the auspices of the independent Scottish Parliament. It should be for the newly independent Parliament to devise the process and timetable for the drafting of the constitution. The Government’s view is that the process of shaping the new constitution should be participative and command the support of the whole of Scotland. When the process of determining the constitution gets underway, the Scottish Government will be just one of many voices. However, the Scottish Government will propose provisions that encapsulate the collective expression of values that we hold dear in Scotland, as well as protect individual rights. These will include provisions to strengthen individual rights in areas such as homelessness and education; prevent weapons of mass destruction being based in Scotland; and prevent the government from engaging in illegal wars. Independence for Scotland 1. 1 An independent Scotland will ensure that decisions about Scotland are taken by the people who care most about it – those who live and work here. The Scottish Parliament is already responsible for important issues such as the health service, education and the protection of the environment. Independence will complete the powers of the Parliament, making it fully responsible for the economy, welfare and international relations. 1. The Scottish Government advocates independence not as an end in itself, but as a means of creating a better Scotland, now and for future generations. An independent Scottish Government will be better able to sustain a stable economy that works for the many not the few; create wealth to support strong public services; manage the country’s vast resources more responsibly; and ensure that all of the people of Scotland have the chance to reach their full potential. 1. Independence is the natural state of affairs for cou ntries across the world. Following a ‘yes’ vote in the referendum, Scotland will make its own transition to independence, becoming an independent state in the international community and having, from independence day onwards, the powers we need to build the kind of country we want to 5 Scotland’s Future: from the Referendum to Independence and a Written Constitution be, while continuing the strong social union which will always bind Scotland o the rest of the United Kingdom. A written constitution 1. 4 The Scottish Government’s proposal is that an independent Scotland should have a written constitution which expresses our values, embeds the rights of its citizens and sets out clearly how institutions of state interact with each other and serve the people. This will contrast with the UK’s largely unwritten constitution in which the Westminster Parliament can do anything except bind its successors. The Westminster system has sometimes led to major decisions being taken by the government without the possibility of challenge (for example, the decision to go to war in Iraq in 2003). There has long been a distinct Scottish constitutional tradition, affirmed by the Scottish Parliament as recently as January 2012 the sovereignty of the Scottish people and their right to choose the form of government best suited to their needs. 1. 5 The creation of Scotland’s written constitution should engage all the people of Scotland in the process of nation-building and allow them a say in defining how our country will work. Once in place, a written constitution will be accessible and comprehensible improving transparency about the workings of the state, enabling the creation of a good society and a fully functioning democracy, embodying the values of the people of Scotland and giving citizens rights that cannot be taken away by a decision of Parliament. All honor to Jefferson to the man who, in the concrete pressure of a struggle for national independence by a single people, had the coolness, forecast, and capacity to introduce into a merely revolutionary document, an abstract truth, applicable to all men and all times, and so to embalm it there, that to-day, and in all coming days, it shall be a rebuke and a stumbling-block to the very harbingers of re-appearing tyranny and oppression. † Abraham Lincoln1 1. A written constitution should be prepared in a spirit of national unity. The right tim e for a written constitution to be drafted is therefore after independence, not before. At that point the people of Scotland, whatever their views in the referendum, will be able to engage fully in the process of planning for our country’s future. 1 Letter to Henry L. Pierce and others, Springfield, Illinois, April 6, 1859 (www. nps. gov) 6 Scotland’s Future: from the Referendum to Independence and a Written Constitution . 7 The process by which Scotland adopts a written constitution is almost as important as its content. The process of agreeing and enacting the constitution should ensure that it reflects the fundamental constitutional truth that the people, rather than politicians or state institutions, are the sovereign authority in Scotland. The Scottish Government proposes that a newly elected independent Scottish Parliament should convene a constitutional convention to draft the written constitution. In taking this path, Scotland will be following in the footsteps of many other countries, not least the United States of America, whose constitutional convention in 1787 drafted the Constitution of the United States. The Constitutional Convention of the United States of America 55 delegates from the several states met over four months in 1787 in Philadelphia to frame a Constitution for a federal republic. General George Washington was unanimously elected president of the convention. Draft constitution signed on 17 September 1787. The preamble to the constitution states: â€Å"We the people of the United States, in Order to form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic Tranquillity, provide for the common defence, promote the general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America. † 1. 8 As the post-independence Scottish constitutional convention will convene under the auspices of the Scottish Parliament, the remit and membership of the convention should be a matter for the Parliament to determine. The Parliament should also determine the process by which the constitution produced by the convention will become the constitution of Scotland. 1. 9 The Scottish Government believes a constitutional convention should ensure a participative and inclusive process where the people of Scotland, as well as politicians, civic society organisations, business interests, trade unions and others, will have a direct role in shaping the constitution. We therefore propose that international best practice and the practical experience of other countries and territories should be considered and taken Scotland’s Future: from the Referendum to Independence and a Written Constitution into account in advance of the determination of the process for the constitutional convention. In the last decade, citizen-led assemblies and constitutional conventions have been convened in British Columbia (2004), the Netherlands (2006), Ontario (2007) and Iceland (2010). In 2012, Ireland announced it will hold a citizen-led constitutional convention to review various constitutional issues. The Irish convention met for the first time in December 2012. The Icelandic Constitutional Convention The purpose was to review the constitution following banking collapse. A National Forum (deliberative and participatory one-day forum of 950 Icelandic citizens) was held in November 2010. An Act of Icelandic Parliament was used to convene Icelandic Constitutional Assembly in 2010. 25 non-politician delegates were directly elected in 2010. The assembly spent almost 4 months drafting constitution (April to July 2011). A draft constitution was available online in April 2011 and citizens could comment on a social media site. The assembly posted status updates on social media sites. A final draft presented to Parliament in July 2011. A referendum on draft proposals held in October 2012 (which was approved). The constitution is expected to be passed by the Icelandic Parliament in the spring of 2013. 1. 10 The Scottish Government will be just one of many voices which will contribute to the debate and help to shape the content of Scotland’s written constitution. However, there are certain provisions that we believe should be included. In particular: ? Everyone in Scotland should be entitled to equality of opportunity and to live free of discrimination and prejudice. Everyone should be entitled to public services and to a standard of living that, as a minimum, secures dignity and self-respect and provides the opportunity for them to realise their full potential both as individuals and as members of wider society. The Scottish Parliament has promoted equality and given rights to vulnerable citizens (for example, by putting in place the most progressive homelessness legislation in Europe). Equally, the Scottish Government has taken steps to protect the principles of free education and health care. The 8 Scotland’s Future: from the Referendum to Independence and a Written Constitution constitution should therefore provide a collective expression of the positive values that the people share and a constitutional convention should consider how to further embed equality and human rights within the constitution and the extent to which the people of Scotland should have constitutional rights in relation to issues such as welfare, pensions, health care and education. Scotland’s natural resources are vital to the future success of an independent Scotland. We believe a constitutional convention should examine how principles on climate change, the environment and the sustainable use of Scotland’s natural resources should be constitutionally protected to embed Scotland’s commitment to sustainable development and responsible and sustained economic growth . ? We believe that nuclear weapons have no place in Scotland. We will therefore advocate that a written constitution should include a constitutional ban on nuclear weapons being based in Scotland. Many countries around the world place constitutional controls on the use of military power. We believe that a constitutional convention should examine the war powers of an independent Scottish Government and ensure a role for an independent Scottish Parliament in monitoring the use of those powers. â€Å"The goal of a ‘free Scotland’ in the favoured sense must be taken as prescribing the freedom and equality of all citizens regardless of creed, class or ethnic origins, and the free participation of them all as equals in the process of self-government. In a word, democracy. It must also, however be understood as requiring what our forebears such as George Buchanan and David Hume used to call a ‘free government’, that is a government which is not only freely chosen by the people but which conducts the business of government with respect to the freedom under law of each citizen and of all of them in such associations as they pursue. In a word, constitutionalism. † – Professor Sir Neil MacCormick Scotland’s Future: from the Referendum to Independence and a Written Constitution 2. A Constitutional Platform for Independence Summary As indicated in the previous section, the process of developing a written constitution will be a matter for the newly independent Scottish Parliament. However, a strong constitutional platform will require to be in place from the moment Scotland becomes independent until the adoption of a written constitution. The Scottish Government’s intention is that after a ‘yes’ vote in 2014, arrangements will be made, in the spirit of the Edinburgh Agreement, for the transfer of sovereignty to the people of Scotland in time for the 2016 Scottish Parliamentary elections and for a constitutional platform to be put in place that will provide the basis on which our independent Parliament and Government will operate. That platform would comprise the legal, financial and other arrangements necessary to ensure that Scotland is able to function effectively and its Government and Parliament are able to work on behalf of the people of Scotland across the full range of national issues. Under the Edinburgh Agreement the referendum will be made in Scotland. That principle should apply equally to Scotland’s constitutional platform. Accordingly, during the transition, the Scottish Parliament should have the leading role in passing legislation to give effect to independence and bring into force the platform that will deliver the secure basis for the government of an independent Scotland, elected in 2016, to take forward its priorities from day one. A smooth and co-operative transition 2. Historical examples such as the reunification of Germany in 1990 and independence for the Czech Republic and Slovakia in 1993 show that after a democratically agreed and accepted expression of political will, countries can make significant constitutional changes happen in months rather than years. Of new states which have become UN members since 1945, 30 became independent following a referendum on independent statehood with the average length of time between the referendum and independence day being approximately 15 months. 10 Scotland’s Future: from the Referendum to Independence and a Written Constitution Transition to independence for Czech Republic and Slovakia On 5-6 June 1992 general elections were held across Czechoslovakia. The Slovakian National Council passed a declaration of sovereignty on 17 July 1992. Czech/Slovak talks to achieve the legitimacy of ending the Federation took place in July 1992. Agreement was also reached to abolish some bodies, split others and transform others into joint-stock companies. Further talks were held in August 1992 which agreed an independence day of 1 January 1993 and set a timetable for a controlled transition to two separate states. On 1 September 1992, the Slovakian National Council adopted a constitution for Slovakia (some clauses coming into force on 1 October 1992 and others only on independence). Independence for both states took place on 1 January 1993. Treaties between Czech and Slovak republics were agreed both before and after independence. 2. 2 In the Edinburgh Agreement, the Scottish and UK Governments have committed to work together constructively in light of the outcome of the referendum in the best interests of the people of Scotland and the rest of the United Kingdom. Following a vote for independence in 2014, agreements will be reached between the Scottish and UK Governments, in the spirit of the Agreement, setting the parameters for Scotland’s transition to independence. These agreements would establish: ? ? the timetable towards independence day – which the Scottish Government would intend to be in March 2016, just before the start of the 2016 election campaign; the key requirements and characteristics of the constitutional platform for an independent Scotland that will require to be in place for the new Parliament and Government elected in 2016, to fulfil their functions; and ? he process and timetable for the negotiation and conclusion of the agreements which will form the final independence settlement. Issues to be resolved would include the division of financial and other assets and liabilities (including oil revenues and assignation of other tax revenues, military bases and overseas assets), the transfer to the Scottish Parli ament and Government of political authority over institutions previously controlled at Westminster, the ongoing co-operative arrangements that the peoples of Scotland, England, Wales and Northern Ireland would share, and the timetable for the speediest safe removal of weapons of mass 11 Scotland’s Future: from the Referendum to Independence and a Written Constitution destruction from Scotland. Of course, some matters may continue to be discussed after independence (as was the case, for example, with the Czech Republic and Slovakia). 2. 3 In addition to discussions with the UK, negotiations will be required in advance of independence with the European Union to agree the terms of an independent Scotland’s continuing membership. The Scottish Government believes that Scotland should continue to be a member of the EU. Scotland benefits from EU membership and the EU benefits from having Scotland as a member. An independent Scotland with its own membership of the EU would work closely and constructively with partners across these islands and across the EU to advance our shared interests. 2. 4 Scotland would continue to be part of the UK – and, therefore, an integral part of Scotland is a nation that benefits from being part of the EU – during these negotiations. the EU, and has extensive assets fishing, oil and gas and renewables as well as being an export market for other member states and having an education system used by over 16,000 EU students. The economic, social and political interests of the EU will be best served by Scotland remaining in continuous membership. The UK and Scottish Governments, along with the EU institutions and member states, will therefore have a shared interest in working together to conclude these negotiations to transfer Scotland’s EU membership from membership as part of the UK to membership as an independent member state. Timeline of German reunification and East German entry to EU 9 November 1989 Berlin wall falls. January 1990 EEC Commission President Jacques Delors announces route to East German membership under unification. 8 May 1990 East and West German governments sign Treaty on the Creation of an Economic, Currency and Social Union. 1 July 1990 East Germany adopts large parts of the economic and legal order of the Federal Republic, including 80% of EEC laws. 31 August 1990 – West and East Germany sign Treaty on the Establishment of the Unity of Germany. 3 October 1990 â €“ German reunification comes into effect and former East Germany becomes part of EEC. 12 Scotland’s Future: from the Referendum to Independence and a Written Constitution 2. 5 In addition to negotiations with the UK and EU, pre-independence negotiations will e pursued with other international organisations that Scotland is already a member of as part of the UK. This will ensure that Scotland will become an independent member of these organisations as quickly as possible, in accordance with the particular rules of each organisation. Scotland will be a good global citizen, representing its interests and reflecting the values of our people within the forums of the world. Preparations for the transition 2. 6 Following an expression of popular will in the referendum, it will be right that preparations for independence move ahead swiftly. It is therefore in the interests of the peoples of Scotland and the rest of the UK for the Scottish and UK Governments to prepare for the outcome of the referendum. Both governments have a duty, in advance of the referendum, to engage in preparatory discussions to exchange the factual information that will be required to underpin the post-referendum negotiations and develop an understanding of the issues that will require to be agreed after a ‘yes’ vote and the approaches that will be taken to concluding those agreements. The Electoral Commission has recommended that the Scottish and UK Governments should engage in such discussions to agree the process that will follow a yes vote. The Scottish Government agrees and looks to the UK Government to work with it to that end. The Transition 2. 7 Following a ‘yes’ vote in the referendum, the Scottish Government will invite representatives from the other parties in the Scottish Parliament, together with representatives of Scottish civic society, to join the Government in negotiating the independence settlement and in ensuring the continuity of those public services which are in reserved areas. . 8 For centuries, it has been acknowledged that the people of Scotland have the sovereign right to determine the form of government best suited to their needs. Independence day will mark the point at which the full exercise of that sovereignty is restored to the Scottish people. It is the intention of the Scottish Government that, following a yes vote, ind ependence for Scotland would immediately precede the Scottish 13 Scotland’s Future: from the Referendum to Independence and a Written Constitution Parliamentary elections in 2016. The newly elected Parliament will then be the Parliament of an independent Scotland. The transition to independence in advance of the 2016 election will enable the i independent Scottish Government elected in 2016 to move ahead with building a more t e prosperous and socially just Scotland. It will also demonstrate to Scotland’s overseas d 2. 9 partners, to business and to other stakeholders that the process to achieve political N independence will be an orderly and collaborative one, and reinforce the reputation of Scotland and rest of the UK as places where democratic choices are respected and t i decisive and where constitutional change can be carried forward in a stable and orderly way. A constitutional platform for independence made in Scotland 2. 10 e m o n s As set out in chapter 1, th e process and timetable for establishing a written m constitution should be a matter for the new independent Scottish Parliament elected in b e in place from independence day to consolidate the existing rights of citizens and give the r s Scottish Parliament and Government the legal, financial and other powers necessary to h govern Scotland effectively across the full range of national issues. These arrangements i p will form Scotland’s constitutional platform. h a 2. 11 s 2016. However, until that constitution is drafted and comes into force, arrangements will be Scotland already has many of the institutions that a modern independent state needs: a modern parliament elected by proportional representation, a government, civil service, independent judiciary and legal system. The constitutional platform will give i n Scotland the remaining institutions it needs to function as an independent country. c r e 2. 2 Since devolution, the democratic voice of Scotland and locus of constitutional a change for Scotland has been the Scottish Parliament. The Sewel Convention and the s e forthcoming Referendum Bill are representations of the modern constitutional reality that d constitutional change is no longer designed on Scotland’s behalf by Westminster, but made by the sovereign people of Scotland themselves through their democratically elected f r Scottish Government a nd Scottish Parliament. Therefore, just as with the Edinburgh Agreement, the Scottish people will expect the Scottish Government and Parliament to m 5 1 s t o 14 Scotland’s Future: from the Referendum to Independence and a Written Constitution have the leading role in legislating for the creation of a constitutional platform for an independent Scotland. 2. 13 While the leading part of the constitutional platform should be made in Scotland, part of the platform will involve Westminster passing legislation, for example to acknowledge the end of its power to legislate for Scotland. Westminster has taken equivalent steps before, for example, under the Malta Independence Act 1964 and the 1931 Statute of Westminster. Constitutional Platform: Content 2. 14 ? ? ? ? The constitutional platform will enable the transfer of sovereignty from Westminster give the Scottish Parliament powers to declare independent statehood for Scotland in the name of the sovereign people of Scotland; remove the central effects of the 1707 Treaty of Union and acknowledge the end of the power of Westminster to make laws for Scotland; provide in law for the sovereign right of the Scottish people to etermine the form of government best suited to their needs; extend the powers of the Scottish Parliament and Scottish Government into all policy areas whilst retaining the separation of powers between executive and legislature; ? ? provide for the transition of Scotland’s status in the EU from membership as part of the UK to independent membership; consolidate the protection of human rights in Scotland so that all ECHR human rights are protected as they are for devolved matters under the Scotland Act 1998, bringing Scotland fully into the European mainstream of human rights protection; ? ? ? provide for the continuity of the monarchy in Scotland; implement agreements between the Scottish and UK Governments; provide for Scots law, including laws in all currently reserved areas, to continue after independence unless specifically amended; establish a Scottish Treasury function to enable the Scottish Government to control and manage Scotland’s public finances. This would build on the work already underway to establish Revenue Scotland. A Scottish Treasury function would also ensure that an appropriate macroeconomic framework for an independent Scotland 15 to Scotland. In particular, it will: Scotland’s Future: from the Referendum to Independence and a Written Constitution is in place and ready to operate effectively from independence day, in line with advice from Scotland’s Fiscal Commission Working Group; ? ? define entitlement to Scottish citizenship on independence day and subsequently; enable Scotland to fully participate in the international community and take its place on the world stage and provide for the continuing application to Scotland of international arrangements with other countries and international organisations; ? ? enable Scotland to join international organisations and give the Scottish Parliament powers to ratify international treaties; provide for the Supreme Court of Scotland; and ensure that the Scotland Act 1998 is updated to apply in the context of independence so that the Scottish Government and Parliament adapt smoothly to independence. After independence 2. 15 After Scotland becomes independent, the first elections to an independent Scottish Parliament will be held in May 2016. The Scottish Government will preserve continuity between ndependence day and the election, as it does now during Scottish Parliamentary elections. It will be for the Scottish Government and Parliament elected in 2016 to decide how to take an independent Scotland forward. While many things will initially be unaffected on independence, over time changes will be made by Parliament in order to serve the citizens of an independent Scotland in the best way possible. 2. 16 When the Scottish Parliament was reconvened in 1999, Scotland embarked on an historic journey. That journey will continue after a ‘yes’ vote in 2014. Independence will complete the powers of the Scottish Parliament and equip it to build a thriving, selfconfident, democratic independent European country in the years to follow. Independence will allow the people of Scotland to elect a government and a Parliament that reflects their views and values, and allow our government and Parliament to make the best decisions for Scotland. Scotland’s journey is not an event, but a process that continues, and independence will enable the sovereign people of Scotland to choose their future for themselves. 6  © Crown copyright 2013 You may re-use this information (excluding logos and images) free of charge in any format or medium, under the terms of the Open Government Licence. To view this licence, visit http://www. nationalarchives. gov. uk/doc/open-government-licence/ or e-mail: [emailprotected] gsi. gov. uk. Where we have identified any third party copyright information you will need to obtain permission from the copyright holders co ncerned. First published by the Scottish Government, February 2013 ISBN: 978-1-78256-381-5 (web only) eBook first published by the Scottish Government, February 2013 ISBN 978-1-78256-382-2 (ePub) Kindle eBook first published by the Scottish Government, February 2013 ISBN 978-1-78256-383-9 (Mobi) The Scottish Government St Andrew’s House Edinburgh EH1 3DG Produced for the Scottish Government by APS Group Scotland DPPAS13914 (02/13) Published by the Scottish Government, February 2013 w w w . s c o t l a n d . g o v . u k

Rennisance Essays - Medieval Philosophy, Renaissance, Humanism

Rennisance Renaissance The 14th, 15th and part of 16th century was a glorious time for Europe, it was the reformation of many old ideas and the formation of many new, this was called the Renaissance. The Renaissance brought many changes to Europe, the economy was greatly boosted by of all the new explorations. The flourishing economy helped to inspire new developments in art and literature. And from that many new beliefs were formed. The European economy flourished during the Renaissance due to many factors. There was a large income coming in from over seas exploration. Spain alone received added income from Christopher Columbus and when he stumbled across North America on his way to find a shorter rout to the Indies. The exploration down the coast of Africa also brought in a lot of extra income. This income came from the exploitation of the Africans by kidnapping them and selling them as slaves. Income also came from establishing colonies in Africa and setting up gold mines and mines for other needed metals. With all of this extra income coming into the European countries they had more money to help fund the arts. During the Renaissance there were many drastic changes in the style of art. Giotto was a very influential painter, during the start of the Renaissance. In Giotto's work he used three dimensional images, this was a drastic change from the classic art where depth was not used. His painting were very realistic and life like, unlike the previous centuries art. Giotto's work inspired artists by the likes of Leonardo de Vinci, Raphael and Michaelango. Michaelango painted the Sistine Chapel, which is located in the Vatican in Rome. The Sistine Chapel depicted the book of Genesis. The manner in which it was painted was unlike another at the time, all the characters in the Sistine chapel are very life like and realistic. Also it was one of the first times that religion was painted by the painters opinion of the events. The arts led to new ways of thinking. With the arts the artists began to think on their own and those movements began to spread. It was not just what the church said anymore that was right. Humanism, one of the new beliefs which was formed during the Renaissance, said that people should read the works of the greats and focus on writing, and the arts. Humanists believed that they were equal with the ancient Greek and Roman writers and philosophers. Petrarch was the original humanist, and a writer who wrote many letters to the people of ancient Rome. In those letters he spoke as if he was an equal with them. Another of the new beliefs was scholasticism, which was the opposite of humanism. Scholastics thought that people should spend more time the sciences, they also wanted the church and science to be brought together as one. As new scientific discoveries were made many of the churches theories were beginning to be questioned. Some of the new scientific discoveries consisted of theories which went against the churches beliefs. One theory which was proven true about the Earth revolving around the sun. This was contrary to the churches view that everything revolved around the Earth. This theory was proven true by Copernicus who is considered the father of modern astronomy. Kelper an astronomer and astrologer also discovered about the rotation of the planets. As the church began to be questioned more and more. And soon there were new religions forming. The major religion that was formed during the Renaissance was the Protestant religion. The Protestant religion began to spread throughout Europe, at one point of time the official church of England was a Protestant church. This new and improved Europe was mainly came to be from the blustering economy, the explorations, art, literature, and new discoveries, but this new growth of a western power was not just a natural development, in fact it was inspired by a superior civilization, the Chinese. If it was not for the Chinese version of the Renaissance which occurred about a thousand years earlier there would be no European Renaissance. The Chinese had many useful inventions which the Europeans exploited unlike the Chinese. One crucial Chinese invention was the compass,

Definition and Examples of Word Words in English

Definition and Examples of Word Words in English Definition Word word is a term coined by Paul Dickson to describe a word or name thats repeated to distinguish it from a seemingly identical word or name. A more formal term for a word word is duplicate reduplication,  lexical cloning, or  contrastive focus reduplication. See Contrastive Focus Reduplication in English (The Salad-Salad Paper), by Jila Ghomeshi et al., (Natural Language and Linguistic Theory 22: 2004).     See Examples and Observations below. Also see: DisambiguationAntistasisHomographHomophonePloceReduplicativeRepetitionSemantic Satiation Examples and Observations There are situations in which it is necessary to repeat a word in order to make sure someone knows what you are talking about. For instance, you might be asked, Are you talking about an American Indian or an Indian Indian? Or Oh, youre talking about grass grass. I thought you were talking about grass.From what I have been able to determine, there is no word for this phenomenon, and word word seemed to be a logical name to give it.(Paul Dickson, Words: A Connoisseurs Collection of Old and New, Weird and Wonderful, Useful and Outlandish Words. Dell, 1983) School-School[T]he writer, the person who knows the importance of holidays, clarifies: I dont mean school-school, I mean fun-learning!(Ho Chee Lick, Values and Daily Discursive Practices. Text in Education and Society, ed. by Desmond Allison et al. Singapore University  Press, 1998) Murder MurderHave you ever murdered anyone?Is this a philosophical question?I dont mean warfare. I mean murder, murder.(Kathryn Miller Haines, Winter in June: A Rosie Winter Mystery. HarperCollins, 2009) Soap SoapSoap gumdrops, soap cigars, soap pickles, soap chocolates, and even a bar of soap soap that dyed its user an indelible blue made life exciting for the friends of a Johnson Smith addict.(Jean Shepherd, A Fistful of Fig Newtons. Random House, 1981) Commitment and CommitmentIn relationships, theres commitment and commitment, the kind  that involves a license, usually some kind of religious blessing and a ceremony in which every one of your close friends and relatives watches you and your partner promise to stay together until one of you dies.(Aziz Ansari, Everything You Thought You Knew About L-o-v-e Is Wrong. Time, June 15, 2015) Woman-WomanThe crux of [Federica Monysenys] feminist message was that each and every woman should fulfill her own potential as a unique individual, as a woman-woman, not as a masculinized woman-man nor as a feminine woman-female.(Catherine Davies, Spanish Womens Writing, 1849-1996. Athlone Press, 1998) Indian IndianFor an Indian Indian, there simpl y isnt any future in an Anglo-Indian world.(Duleep in the novel The Jewel in the Crown, by Paul Scott. Heinemann, 1966) The Real MeaningRecently, I overheard someone say: You mean hes GONE gone? This person was asking whether the chap had actually gone for good, as opposed to just ducking out for a wee while. . . .In these examples, the copied expression points to the real or true meaning of the term referred to. You can usually rephrase the whole thing using modifiers like real or really. . . . [I]nstead of Hes GONE gone, you could say Hes really gone. Usually the repetition indicates that the literal meaning is intended.(Kate Burridge, Gift of the Gob: Morsels of English Language History. HarperCollins, 2011) Noun-NouningBy repeating a noun twice, one invokes the nouns generic form, its invariant-memory form. No, I dont want blue khakis with pleats. Just give me clean generic beige khaki-khakis. Or, Officer, Ive tried to remember what kind of car the getaway car was but I cant- it was just a car-car.(Douglas Coupland, Player One: What Is to Become of Us. House of Anansi Press, 2010) The Lighter Side of Word WordsDetective Charlie Crews: The girl at Lolas, she told me that the dead shoe store guy and the hat kiosk girl are in there a lot, together.Detective Dani Reese: Together together?Detective Charlie Crews: Together together.(Damian Lewis and Sarah Shahi, Black Friday. Life, 2008)

Literature Review Gorgeous Guide on Literature Review Writing

Literature Review Gorgeous Guide on Literature Review Writing A literature review might form an important part of a thesis or a dissertation, or might also just be a self-standing review of the literature on a subject. 7  Tips to Write a Literature Review Before going to the tips  lets  make a literature review definition clear. A Literature review is defined as a kind of academic writing that is aimed to demonstrate one’s familiarity with previous work in one’s field of study and the place of own work within the context of this field. A literature review has a number of objectives: Survey of the literature in the specific area Synthesis and summary of the information extracted from that literature Critical analysis of the gathered information by identification of gaps in the knowledge Presentation of the literature in an organized way Where Is a Literature Review Used? The first stage of any given research project is reviewing the field. A literature review might form an important part of a thesis or a dissertation, or might also just be a self-standing review of the literature on a subject. It is often the first stage of a wider research project, done to allow the supervisor to evaluate whether the student is on the right path. It is a compendium and synopsis of a specific field of study and research, permitting anyone reading the paper to determine why you are after this specific research program. Need to write a literature review? The article below will help you: How to Write a Literature Review Literature Review  Outline The structure of a literature review is similar to that of any essay. It should, therefore, have an introduction, main body/supporting paragraphs, and a conclusion. Here are some steps you have to follow in each of these parts. Introduction Give a clear definition of your topic and supply a suitable context for exploring and analyzing the literature. Establish your point of view and list the reasons for reviewing the literature State the spread of your research Explain the sequencing State what is and what isn’t included in your literature review. Body paragraphs Structure the literature in a manner corresponding to common themes Provide correlative insights between the topic of your choice and the wider area of the subject in hand Zoom-in from the wider theme of the reviewed literature to your specific area of interest and research Conclusion Provide a summary of the important points Give evaluation to the present state of that literature Make an identification of major flaws and gaps in the knowledge in hand Give an outline for further study Provide a link between your research and existing knowledge 7  Literature Review Writing Tips TIP 1.  Organize your writing so it is focused around and relating primarily to the thesis of the conducted research. It can help to draw a diagram showing you the related fields and how you can arrange them in correlation to one another, as a preparation for the writing. TIP 2.  Invest in a  well-conducted literature review research. Broaden your horizons, take advice from the librarian and consult your mentor if possible. All these might expand your sources to unexpected and more engaging level. TIP 3.  Combine results into a summary of known and unknown elements. Always remember, it is about showing the ability for critical thinking and identification of issues through literature, rather than a simplistic overview of what’s out there. TIP 4.  Look out for controversial areas in the literature you read. These are the most interesting and need to be pointed out. It is about awakening a relevant discussion and finding the truth through arguing. TIP 5.  Be polite when arguing a point. If you are reading something you disagree with finding the proper words to conduct your point of view without offending the other writer. TIP 6.  Link the elements in a way that makes sense. If you are using various sources to discuss a problem, use linking words to create relations between the sources. TIP 7.  Quote sources properly. If you choose to use a direct quote from someone, make sure you give them the proper credit, otherwise, it might appear as if you are trying to present it as your own. Our writers may help you to write a literature review that uses only current references and utilizes materials from the most esteemed authors in the field. We have the experience and knowledge that will help you through your assignment. All you need to do is to let us know about the details of your task or place an order.

The Unorthodox Owner Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Unorthodox Owner - Case Study Example The structure is completely wrong. It defies normal marketing standards. The prior standard indicates the employees with higher revenues will get higher commissions than employees with lower revenues. The new commission pool pays people who do not actually sell or complete Second, the confused employees did not know how to correctly respond to the new unorthodox marketing strategy. It is wrong to confuse the employees. The confused employees do not know the intricacies of the equality distributed commission pool. Third, Wilkinson did not indicate the responsibilities of the new chief operating officer. Consequently, the new COO does not know what he should do in the new job. Consequently, the COO may not be implementing what the owner, Wilkinson intents because of the miscommunication. Finally, Wilkinson wanted the commission pool to be evenly divided among the sales people, both top sellers and lackluster performing sales persons (Zoratti 19). It is wrong to distribute the commission equally among all the sales persons. The implementation will indicate that employees with low revenues will receive the same amount of commission as the sales persons generating ten times the amount generated by the low revenue-generating (Burton 26). For example, the sales person generating the $ 1,000,000 top selling sales persons will receive the same $ 10,000 commission as the sales person generating $ 1,000 sales for the same month (Ross & Lemkin 4). To generate the required net profits, the company must produce the profit-generating responsive revenues (Boone 14). In addition to the bonuses, Wilkinson increased the commission from 5 percent to 7.5 percent (Hartline 270). The compensation plan influences sales performance (Dougherty 1). Mr. Wilkinson should not implement the unorthodox commission and bonus scheme without fully explaining the details of the new scheme. Mr. Wilkinson’s spending more time giving a

The Cause of Violence Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Cause of Violence - Essay Example Their reasoning has been influenced to the extent that they will carry out the unthinkable. Extensive researches and surveys may not always be consistent, but a basic factor contributing to violence has been evident for a long time - family issues. Simply being an eyewitness to family violence has a great effect upon a youngster. Derek and Danny Vinyard (American History X) witnessed the murder of their father by a black man. Nevertheless, although they may not have realized, they were being conditioned to believe that 'what happened to their father was an act of racism by the black man'. Moreover, Derek had already been influenced by his father's cynical views on African American culture. When they became grown-up, Derek and Danny lead a life of a "vengeance-seeking white supremacist" (Synopsis for American History X, www.imdb.com). Parents' own behavior has an enormous consequence on a young child's mind. Hally's (Master Harold and the Boys) father is a drunkard and a tyrant. He grew up having resentment for his father. On one incident, Hally unleashed "years of anger and pain on his two black friends; creating possibly-permanent rifts in his relationship with them" (Master Harold and the Boys, www.en.wikipedia.org). Careful students of the appalling increase of violence in our dangerous times list many contributing factors: the media emphasis on violent events, crime and corruption; the way world leaders shamelessly resort to violence to stay in power; the sense of utter frustration with injustices that never seem to be resolved, leading some to feel that bullets will accomplish what ballots cannot; the callous way inwhich millions of the unborn are violently wrenched from existence by abortion; the way religious leaders uphold "just" wars and yet do not uphold moral principles in the face of lowering standards. The world soon gets desensitized, inured to violence. And there are other reasons. The permissiveness of supposed progressive thinking in our time has altered customs and moral standards, removing the restraints that once served to check attitudes and actions that can lead to violence. The sad effect is seen especially in the young. It is not an exaggeration, therefore, to say that what a person reads or sees has an effect on his attitudes. Sexual abuses and perversions also breed violence by destroying all sense of decency. No matter what is the cause of violence is, the question remains: Does this mean that mankind is doomed to an endless cycle of vicious and escalating violence Happily, our knowing that what now exists is a temporary situation, soon to end, and that there is a way out, can give us strength to endure. Many of Jehovah's Witnesses testify to this. You, too, can 'escape all these things that are destined to occur.' About these same woes for this time of the end, Jesus said: "As these things start to occur, raise yourselves erect and lift your heads up, because your deliverance is getting near." So, take courage! Jesus will shortly deliver mankind from all oppression and violence.-Luke 21:28,36; Psalm 72:1, 2, 12,14. Works Cited Page Watchtower Bible and Tract Society. "Why So Many Violent Crimes Now" Awake! 08 July 2003: 5 - 9. The Internet Movie Database. 28 May 2008. IMDb.com, Inc. 28 October 2008 [http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0120586/synopsis]. Wikipedia the Free

Market structures Essay Example for Free

Market structures Essay This week was very informative and interesting for me, I have learned a lot from this week. This week has helped me in comparing various market structures and their characteristic, along with evaluating the effectiveness of competitive strategies within market structures. Furthermore, this week has helped me in determining profit-maximizing strategies based on market structure analysis. Some of the most interesting things learned were the examples of monopolistically, oligopoly and monopoly. Keeping the concepts of Monopoly, oligopoly and perfect competition straight has proven to be a real challenge. The amount of information presented is overwhelming at times. I had to step back and reread several sections repeatedly to ensure a clear understanding. The side-by-side comparisons of market structure was very helpful and presented in a manner that was clear and concise, promoting a better understanding of their differences. Monopolistically would be coffee shops there is a lot of different coffee shops in one area each coffee shops offers certain specialize different from the other shops. An oligopoly would be vet office with only a few in a certain locations. An example of monopoly market would be a telephone company that is assigned to a certain area. A monopoly is a company that rules a location but if priced to high from competitors can lose if monopoly. When firms consider profit-maximizing strategies it is important to look at the short-term and long-term processes of product output. When doing this, one needs examine the different types of competition. Any market types of competition will affect a company’s marginal revenue and marginal costs. A monopoly can control the market of certain goods or service, and a phone company is an example of this. Phone companies often are the only supplier, so they have no competition and set their prices as consumers will pay them. In a monopolistic comp etitive environment competitive strategies are constantly changing because of different goods and services hitting the market. Finally, an oligopoly environment an organization will bear in mind how its actions will affect its rivals. Many firm’s use the concepts to be successful. I was able to understand what a market economy is. I also was able to understand how a market works. A market works by an individual providing a service and in return that person would be compensated for that service. Also when someone wants a product in order to receive that product a payment is made in exchange for thus product. The chapter also goes on to discuss capitalism and socialism, I would define socialism as a society making the decision about what people want and need and how much of those products to produce, basically the society is making the decision. Capitalism I feel based on the definition stated in the text book, can be defined as when a small group of individuals have the main control over the controlling companys of products and service that are used on a daily basis. This allows them to set a price and the amount of the product or service that are available. The chapter also makes us aware of feudalism, which basically means you follow the footsteps of your predecessors, if your parents were farmers you will be a farmer, in essence following the traditions. The chapter also discusses Mercantilism, this in essence means that the government has the means and the rights to hire a non government controlled company in order to achieve the needs of the government. I did very well with the various market structures and their characteristics, but not so well with the other topics. A monopoly is the only player in their respective industry. An example of a monopoly is the local power company because you cant get power anywhere else, unless it is natural energy. An oligopoly is similar to a monopoly but there is more than one firm that dominates the market. An example of an oligopoly is the operating software for smart phones, which has two dominate players, Apple and Google. Monopolistic competition is where many companies sell basically the same product with minor differences. Perfect competition is when everyone sells the same thing, everyone has the same information, and it is easy to enter and exit into the market. I personally do not believe that an example of perfect competition exists; the closest industry may be agriculture. For firms to maximize their profits costs need to be kept low and revenues need to be boosted. Whichever route a company uses to maximize profits, it will affect both cost and revenue. For instance, if a company decides to advertise a new product, the advertising will affect cost and revenue. The price of the advertising will increase the costs of the product, but at the same time increase revenues because consumers are now aware of the product. The chapters on Monopoly Perfect Competition were as I had previously understood, and the conditions for each make sense. The development of evolving economic systems as discussed in Chapter 3 was like a history lesson review and the restatement of the three different types of businesses that exist (sole proprietorship, partnership, and corporation) a good reminder of what has been learned in prior classes. I gained some new understandings of Monopolistic Competition I had never heard the two used together before, but is a nice blend of the two market types. I didnt struggle with any of these things. What I did struggle with was the concepts, structures, and quite frankly the math surrounding Pricing and Profit Maximization in all the markets. I found it counter intuitive to my experience in business to not produce more, so as to create demand and keep pricing high, as is suggested in a Monopoly. The profit maximizing exercise was a challenge which boiled down to MR = MC is the profit maximizing rule for the monopolist. (Colander, 2010) This differs from the profit maximizing equation for Perfect Competition which is MC = MR = P but the TR and TCC graph for evaluating the best output level is perplexing and will likely take me the better part of 20 minutes to put one together myself I did enjoy this week’s team assignment. Was enjoyable writing about the new product option and th eorizing about the potential for said product. This week’s readings covered many different kinds of market structures. Starting with the basic Perfect Competition where the businesses sell the exact same product, to a monopoly that states that there is only one business that has complete control. From Monopolistic Competition which is where the businesses sell a similar product but not an identical product to the Oligopoly which is where there a few giants that control the industry. We went through all the different market structures, and there were many examples that were given to help explain the differences between the different market structures. One of the parts of the reading that I found very interesting, was on page 369, it discussed the idea of a sticky prices† This is where the idea is that if one company lowers its prices to try and gain business. The other businesses that are in competition will lower their prices too. This will prevent anyone from getting an edge on the competition. The gas prices are a perfect example of this. In Chapter 15, the cost of Welfare Cost Triangle, is discussed. The Welfare Cost Triangle is one of the many reasons that Monopolys are frowned upon by economists. It creates an untrue reflection to the cost to the society. With a monopoly the business can charge any price that they see fit and therefore it creates and unbalanced marginal cost. Chapter 3 discussed the idea that it is not just the United States Economy that is affected across the world. Many times as we are going through our lessons, and we, as a class are discussing economics, I fail to remember that there are many more markets in the world then just the United States. The chapter discusses the history of economics and how they work in the different social environments. They were very straight forward and very self explanatory. References: Colander, D. C. (2010).Economics (8th ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.

Style of Writing :: Education Writing Essays

Style of Writing In both of the books various elements of style are mentioned, William Strunk Jr. and E.B. White’s The Elements of Style and Joseph M. Williams’ Style Toward Clarity and Grace, clarity and concision are to be the most important. I think that in order for your reader to be able to enjoy and understand what they are reading, it has to be written clearly and concisely. I believed that everyone has his or her own style: whether the style be that of one’s hair, clothes, or writing. I always knew that having your own style did not mean that yours was the best or even decidedly correct. After I finished toiling through Strunk and White’s The Elements of Style and William’s Style Toward Clarity and Grace, I learned that there is a dress code, even for writing. Yes, you could have your own style, per sey, but you must follow the rules and guidelines necessary for good writing. The Elements of Style and Style are interesting because separately, they tell two different versions to the same story. In Strunk and White’s book, a mere ninety-five pages of instruction, tell you in brief and curt words the rules for writing clearly. This books intention was to be short, a sort of handbook for quick reference. In its introduction E.B White writes, â€Å"It was Will Strunk’s parvoum opus, his attempt to cut the vast tangle of English rhetoric down to size and write its rules and principles on the head of a pin† (Strunk and White xiii). This intention seems innocent but it is my belief that it leaves the reader wondering, without precise reason in mind what clear writing is. Joseph M. Williams’ book, on the other hand, elaborates in detail of te guidelines and principles for writing the English language clearly and concisely. Each of his systematic principles for good wiring are padded with an abundance of example and explanation. Joseph Williams’ acknowledges this in his preface: â€Å"you should understand this is not an afternoon read. We offer detailed ways to put into specific practice the clichà ©s of style ‘Be clear’ ‘Omit needless words’†¦ We suggest you read this book a short section at a time, and then look at your won writing the writing of others† (Williams xiii).

Alcohol withdrawal syndrome Essay

Should the drinking age be lowered? This question is one that has hounded us for decades. At age eighteen we are legal adults, we can join the military, vote, and anything else that any adult could legally do. So then why can we not drink till age 21? In my opinion we should not lower the drinking age. If we keep the drinking age to 21 we can save lives, save people from becoming addicted to alcohol, and lastly our brains are not fully developed till at least age 21. We know through history that keeping the drinking age at 21 can save lives. In 1971, we adopted the 26th amendment and this not only lowered the voting age but also began lowering the drinking age around our country. End result leading to 29 states lowering the drinking age. Immediately we began to see a steep increase to teen death in relation to alcohol. Shortly after 24 states rose the drinking age again and by 1984 there were only 3 states left with the drinking age of 18. According to the NHTSA (National Highway Traffic Safety Administration), â€Å"increasing the minimum drinking age to 21 is credited with having saved 18,220 lives on the nation’s highways between 1975 and 1998.† Alcohol addiction is very serious. We say addiction runs in families and based on this I feel like most families have at least one relative addicted to alcohol. Alcoholism is a medical and social problem in our country. â€Å"At least 75-80% of defendants involved in felony crimes or serious misdemeanors were either under the influence of alcohol or drugs when they committed their crime or committed their crime to obtain money to obtain alcohol or drugs or to survive because they have lost their financial resources due to their addiction,† Said by criminal justice experts. Alcohol addiction can lead to high divorce, suicide and dropping out of school rates. We also know that teenagers can become addicted to alcohol quicker (6-18 months) while adults can come addicted to as late as 5 years, this studied was conducted by Karen Burger. The longer we can postpone alcohol use, the better the chance that a person will never have an addiction or problem with alcohol. Lastly and most importantly alcohol can affect your brain growth immensely if you are a heavy drinking or even drink at all before age 21. This is because the brain has not fully developed until you are AT LEAST 21. Alcohol affects the area of the brain that control judgment which is why people tend to do more immature things while intoxicated rather then when they have a good head on their shoulders. Drinking at younger ages makes you less appreciate the consequences for the risky actions that you are taking with drinking underage. It also slows perceptual and motor skills. Drinking in these formative years and cause irreversible damage and the only person you would be hurting would be yourself. In conclusion, I believe the drinking age should not be lowered based on these very serious reasons. We need to help our country stay in tact and create less crimes and deaths and more people who want to help our country prosper. All and all drinking at any age is bad for you until you learn how to handle it, only you can decide when that is. If you plan your life out intellectually you can all the time in the world to figure it out.

Characters in Hamlet Essay

William Shakespeare uses various elements, themes and connections between them to present ideas of enduring value in ‘Hamlet. His character development in Hamlet &Claudius and use of dramatic techniques present values in ‘Hamlet’ those of which are timeless. These enduring values include guilt, corruption and life & death. Shakespeare has used various dramatic techniques to express his idea and enduring value of guilt. In Act 1, as Polonius talks about ‘the devil hiding’, Shakespeare uses a dramatic technique as Claudius acknowledges his conscience in an aside, â€Å"how smart a lash that speech doth give my conscience†. Claudius is the villain of the play, however Shakespeare has a created a complex character with a working conscience and serious feelings of guilt. Claudius sense of guilt emerges through the use of the dramatic technique, soliloquy. Furthermore, it also makes him a more ‘rounded’ character in his development, not merely evil or lacking in human qualities. His guilt is emphasized when he attempts to ‘pray’, and he finds that as a sinner, he cannot, while he still desires the fruits of his crime, these being Gertrude and the crown, â€Å"Forgive me my foul murder? That cannot be since I am still possess’d of those effects for which I did the murder. †Shakespeare has used metaphor and alliteration in, Oh bosom black as death† as Claudius, concedes that he is not really capable of praying. From this point, as a development of his character, his villiany increases as he becomes desperate to eliminate Hamlet and ultimately plotting his death. Gertrude can also be played as experiencing guilt throughout until she concedes her guilt and claims it will not go away, â€Å"I see such black and grained spots/ As will not leave their tinct†. Claudius and Gertrude share the guilt for what goes wrong in the play, as theirs is the corruption that infects Denmark. Corruption is another prominent value in ‘Hamlet’. In Act 1, the dramatic technique, monologue is used as Claudius addresses his court and celebrates his coronation and marriage to Gertrude to reconcile the grieving for Old Hamlet. His speech, â€Å"mirth in funeral and dirge in marriage† is commonly known as ‘spin’ today. There is a notion that Claudius’ motive for killing Old Hamlet is envy, strictly a lust for power and to be king however this cannot be interpreted as Claudius consistently shows true love for Gertrude and displays qualities of a good king. Consequently, it is plausible that the function of the marriage is genuine however also essential for Claudius’ agenda which makes his reign corrupt. Shakespeare demonstrates the idea of corruption, that if the king reigns on false or evil grounds, hence the whole kingdom suffers, as Marcellus says, â€Å"Something is rotten in the state of Denmark†. Furthermore, through Hamlet’s main source of distress of the thought of his mother remarried too soon, and to his uncle, he introduces the theme of corruption with the technique, imagery, â€Å"unweeded gardens†. Hamlet interprets news of Old Hamlet’s ghost as a reflection of the corruption in Denmark, â€Å"My father’s spirit in arms! All is not well†. He believes that foul deeds will rise and that evil will inevitably unravel. The use of Hamlet’s development of a complex multi-faceted persona demonstrates Shakespeare’s idea on life and death, conveyed through the use of the dramatic technique, soliloquy. Hamlet’s situation in the play is relevant today because circumstances force him from being a critical observer of the world to being a participant, an experience that is universal. The flaw in Hamlet’s character lies in the involutions of his character. He is guilty of â€Å"thinking too precisely on th’event†, a man who â€Å"continuously resolves to do, yet does nothing but resolve†. It is assumed Hamlet is honest and open in his soliloquys. At other times he is puts on a ‘faà §ade’, the main purpose is to hide his true state of mind and intentions often portraying himself as ‘mad’. In Hamlet’s first soliloquy he is already contemplating about the desire to disappear or commit suicide, â€Å"O that this too too solid fle sh would melt†. Hamlet rejects the idea of trying to predict the future and reaches a point of acceptance of life, death, and everything more, â€Å"Not a wit, we defy augury†¦ the readiness is all†. This expresses the idea that what is destined is inevitable and what is significant is ‘readiness’. Hamlet acknowledges this when he holds up Yorick’s skull. The dramatic technique of visual imagery of Hamlet looking at Yorick’s skull is one of the most enduring images in all of literary history. It is a human confronting the truth, contemplating death and decomposition that even the greatest of humans are subject to. His speech on ‘readiness’ is all about his own death. It is this, which he must become ready for, something, which is presented as central sad truth of human life. ‘To be, or not to be, that is the question’ is definitive on life and death. It provides a stark contrast to the intense confrontation with Ophelia as it is contemplative, intellectual and uncharacteristic for someone who is supposedly ‘mad’. Shakespeare implies through Hamlet’s character development that the reason people do not commit suicide is because of the fear of the after life which is unknown and could potentially be worse. Hamlet ponders the question as a matter of philosophical debate. Yet though the play is thus rooted in its own time, ‘Hamlet’ seems to have a rapport with all ages and centuries. It speaks eloquently to the twentieth century as it did to the 17th 18th and 19th. Reasons for the play’s enduring appeal is attributed to the values Shakespeare has expressed. How smart a lash that speech doth give my conscience Forgive me for my foul murder? This cannot be for I am still possess’d of the effects for which I did the murder I see such black and grained spots/ as they will not leave their tinct Something is rotten in the state of Denmark Mirth in funeral, dirge in marriage O that this too too solid flesh would melt Not a wit we defy augury My father’s spirit is in arms! All is not well Unweeded garden To be or not be, that is the question

Iron essays

Iron essays Iron comes from the Latin word ferrum. From ferrum its symbol became Fe. The atomic number of iron is 26, and its atomic weight is 55.845. Iron is a magnetic, bendable, shiny white metallic element. Pure iron has a hardness that ranges from 4 to 5. It is soft and ductile. Iron can be easily magnetized at ordinary temperatures and at 790C the magnetic property disappears. Pure iron melts at about 1535C, boils at 2750C, and has a specific gravity of 7.86. Chemically, iron is an active metal. When exposed to humid air, iron forms a reddish-brown, flaky, decay known as rust. Iron is the fourth most abundant element in the Earths crust. Because it is so common, iron has been used by human society for thousands of years. Iron was known and used for weapons in prehistoric ages, the earliest example still in existence; a group of rusty iron beads found in Egypt, dates from about 4000BC. This period in history was given the name Iron Age because it was the time when people found ways to get iron and to use it for building tools and weapons. The beginnings of modern processing of iron can be traced back to central Europe in the mid-14th century BC. Pure iron has limited use in todays world. Commercial iron always contains small amounts of carbon and other impurities that change its physical properties, which are much improved by the further addition of carbon and other alloying elements. This helps to prevent oxidation, also known as rust. Iron is an essential part of a healthy diet. Iron compounds are employed for medicinal purposes in the treatment of anemia, when the amount of hemoglobin or the number of red blood corpuscles in the blood is lowered. Iron is a component of the complex compound in red blood cells called hemoglobin. This substance is responsible for carrying oxygen from your lungs to the rest of your body. ...

Best Day Essay Example for Free

Best Day Essay Choose cite format: APA MLA Harvard Chicago ASA IEEE AMA company About StudyMoose Contact Careers Help Center Donate a Paper Legal Terms & Conditions Privacy Policy Complaints Have you ever felt the emotion when you are going to see your favorite band or singer alive in a concert. This happened to me when I went to Sofia last year to see one of my favorite singers Enrique Iglesias. It was fantastic experience that I will never forget. The day was near, it was ten days befor the concert, and every day I asked my father for permission and money. One day he finally said â€Å"yes†, and he gave me the money. He told me that it was the gift for my birthday. I was so happy and immediately called my friend to tell her about the news. The next day we bought our tickets and we were waiting for the big day.We couldn’t believe that we would be in the most waited concert on September 29th , we never thought that in few hours, we would sing all the song of our favorite singer. When we arrived,we sat in the chairs, and we were waiting for Enrique. The lights turned off and all the auditory screamed like they were crazy. The orchestra began to play one of my favorite songs. The best singer appeared in the scene. That moment was so awesome and exciting for me, and everyone was all of the songs. In conclusion, I will tell tha, the concert was a big experience for me and I was so happy. At the end, we bought some souvenirs from the concert, like a shirt, some posters and a cup. The concert finished at 12 p.m. and we came back to our town with an experience that I will never forget. I will remember this moment as if it had been yesterday. Best Day. (2017, Feb 27).

Effective Approaches in Leadership and Management Essay

Effective Approaches in Leadership and Management - Essay Example They communicate this to others and develop strategies for achieving the vision. They also motivate workers and negotiate for resources and other supports aimed at achieving the organization’s goals. Managers on the other hand ensure that the organization’s resources are well organized and utilized to produce the best results (Cherie and Gebrekidan, 2005). However, due to dynamic nature of the world in which managers operates, they also need to be leaders. In health care delivery, it is common for nursing leaders and managers to apply different approaches in solving issues that affect the the health care facility. A case in point has been witnessed with regard to their approach to nursing shortage and turn-over. Carlton and the University of Colorado (2009) note that shortage of nurses is a significant crisis that impacts on the delivery of quality healthcare services. It is, therefore, very important for the nursing leaders and managers to understand the causes for the m to be able to tackle the issue. The major factors that have been singled out as the major contributors of nursing shortage include demand and supply issues such as job dissatisfaction, burnouts, and other challenges within the working environment (Carlton and University of Colorado at Denver, 2001). ... in this case entails, improving working condition and welfare of workers, improving salaries and other benefits that are competitive to instill satisfaction and motivate them. Another strategy used is carrying out recruitment immediately a shortage is realized (Cherie and Gebrekidan, 2005). 2. Compare and contrast how you would expect nursing leaders and managers to approach your selected issue. Support your rationale by using the theories, principles, skills, and roles of the leader versus manager described in your readings. Just as Carlton and the University of Colorado (2009) note, a good leader should have a sense of mission, must be decisive; charismatic and able to rally people to work together toward the achievement of a common goal. A leader must also be creative to be able to solve organizational problems and build a conducive working environment that produces satisfaction. A manager on the other hand must ensure that the institutional resources are well organized and utiliz ed towards achievement of best results (Carlton and University of Colorado at Denver, 2009). This implies that a manager ensures that things get done. With regard to the issue of nursing shortage and turn-over, I would expect the nursing leaders and managers to first address the issues that trigger nursing shortage and turn-over, especially those within their management control. This is due to my philosophy which is employee-based. This is a better strategy in my opinion and contrast with approaches of reorganization and restructuring used by some leaders and managers. This is because I believe that reorganization and restructuring alone may not motivate employees, a factor that has been identified as the major contributor of turn-over in thw nursing profession. Carlton and the University